Stewart's Melville College is the result of a merger in 1972 between Melville College, founded in 1832, and Daniel Stewart's College, founded in 1855. Since 1989 the Royal Company of Merchants of the City of Edinburgh, which had administered Daniel Stewart's from its foundation, has delegated powers to the Erskine Stewart's Melville Schools’ Governing Council.

Stewart's Melville College is a school for boys aged 12 - 18. There are approximately 760 boys. The School enjoys an excellent academic reputation and prides itself on the range of musical, dramatic and other extra-curricular opportunities offered to its boys. The playing fields and Pavilion at Inverleith underpin a fine tradition in rugby, hockey and cricket.

Since 1978 the school has been twinned with The Mary Erskine School. Through this arrangement, the senior schools are separate and single-sex but are each led by the Principal, while all the girls and boys below the age of 12 are educated together in the ESMS Junior School. Senior school boys and girls come together in orchestras, choirs, dramas and musicals, as well as in numerous Outdoor Learning projects and in the Combined Cadet Force. Since August 1999, the Sixth Year has been a genuinely 'twinned' experience, with boys and girls jointly comprising a single academic, pastoral and social unit.

The School surrounds the majestic buildings designed by David Rhind for Daniel Stewart's College in 1855. Most of the other buildings are relatively modern and include a brand-new classroom building housing Modern Languages, Classics, RMPS and Support for Learning. Other facilities include a Sixth Form Centre, the Tom Fleming Centre for the Performing Arts, swimming pool, floodlit hockey and football all-weather facility and Hockey Pavilion. All academic departments which are now fully equipped with interactive whiteboards and wi-fi. The Music facilities have been recently extended to include a recital room and the Dean Church, adjacent to the campus, has been purchased and converted into another performance and conference space.

The Erskine Stewart's Melville Schools have a charitable foundation and today provide financial assistance to over 150 bursary holders, who attend Stewart's Melville College or The Mary Erskine School.